| Item |
Information |
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Drug Groups
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approved; investigational |
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Description
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A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol is used in the treatment or prevention of many disorders including acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, hypertension, hypertensive emergencies, hyperthyroidism, migraine, pheochromocytoma, menopause, and anxiety. [PubChem] |
| Indication |
For the prophylaxis of migraine. |
| Pharmacology |
Propranolol, the prototype of the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists, is a competitive, nonselective beta-blocker similar to nadolol without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Propanolol is a racemic compound; the l-isomer is responsible for adrenergic blocking activity. |
| Toxicity |
Symptoms of overdose include bradycardia, cardiac failure, hypotension, and brochospasm. LD50=565 mg/kg (orally in mice). |
| Affected Organisms |
| • |
Humans and other mammals |
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| Biotransformation |
Hepatic |
| Absorption |
Propranolol is almost completely absorbed from the GI tract; however, plasma concentrations attained are quite variable among individuals. |
| Half Life |
4 hours |
| Protein Binding |
More than 90% |
| Elimination |
Propranolol is extensively metabolized with most metabolites appearing in the urine. |
| Distribution |
* 4 L |
| References |
| • |
Brunet A, Orr SP, Tremblay J, Robertson K, Nader K, Pitman RK: Effect of post-retrieval propranolol on psychophysiologic responding during subsequent script-driven traumatic imagery in post-traumatic stress disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2007 Jun 21;.
[Pubmed]
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Ohnishi ST, Sadanaga KK, Katsuoka M, Weidanz WP: Effects of membrane acting-drugs on plasmodium species and sickle cell erythrocytes. Mol Cell Biochem. 1989 Nov 23-Dec 19;91(1-2):159-65.
[Pubmed]
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Singh N, Puri SK: Interaction between chloroquine and diverse pharmacological agents in chloroquine resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis. Acta Trop. 2000 Nov 2;77(2):185-93.
[Pubmed]
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Murphy SC, Harrison T, Hamm HE, Lomasney JW, Mohandas N, Haldar K: Erythrocyte G protein as a novel target for malarial chemotherapy. PLoS Med. 2006 Dec;3(12):e528.
[Pubmed]
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| External Links |
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