| Item |
Information |
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Drug Groups
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approved |
|
Description
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An antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase. [PubChem] |
| Indication |
For management of melanoma, resistant chronic myelocytic leukemia, and recurrent, metastatic, or inoperable carcinoma of the ovary and Sickle-cell anemia. |
| Pharmacology |
Hydroxyurea has dose-dependent synergistic activity with cisplatin in vitro. In vivo Hydroxyurea showed activity in combination with cisplatin against the LX-1 and CALU-6 human lung xenografts, but minimal activity was seen with the NCI-H460 or NCI-H520 xenografts. Hydroxyurea was synergistic with cisplatin in the Lewis lung murine xenograft. Sequential exposure to Hydroxyurea 4 hours before cisplatin produced the greatest interaction. |
| Toxicity |
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 7330 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 5760 mg/kg
Teratogenicity: Teratogenic effects have occurred in experimental animals.Hydroxyurea use during a small number of human pregnancies has been reported. Adverse effects have not been observed in any of the exposed newborns.
Reproductive Effects: Adverse reproductive effects have occurred in experimental animals.
Mutagenicity: Mutagenic effects have occurred in experimental animals.Mutagenic effects have occurred in humans. |
| Affected Organisms |
| • |
Humans and other mammals |
|
| Biotransformation |
Hepatic. |
| Absorption |
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. |
| Half Life |
3-4 hours |
| Elimination |
Renal excretion is a pathway of elimination. |
| External Links |
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