| Item |
Information |
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Drug Groups
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approved |
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Description
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Dorzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. It is used in ophthalmic solutions (Trusopt) to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. |
| Indication |
For the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. Also used prophylatically for the inhibition of perioperative IOP increase (before neodynium yttrium aluminum garnet laser posterior capsulotomy). |
| Pharmacology |
Dorzolamide is topical CA inhibitor that is indicated for the reduction of elevated IOP in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who are insufficiently responsive to beta-blockers. Dorzolamide reduces IOP by approximately 17-23% in patients with elevater IOP. |
| Toxicity |
Dizziness, headache, shortness of breath, slow heartbeat, severe asthma, cardiac arrest |
| Affected Organisms |
| • |
Humans and other mammals |
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| Half Life |
4 months |
| Protein Binding |
~33% |
| Elimination |
Dorzolamide is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine; the metabolite also is excreted in urine. |
| References |
| • |
Plummer CE, MacKay EO, Gelatt KN: Comparison of the effects of topical administration of a fixed combination of dorzolamide-timolol to monotherapy with timolol or dorzolamide on IOP, pupil size, and heart rate in glaucomatous dogs. Vet Ophthalmol. 2006 Jul-Aug;9(4):245-9.
[Pubmed]
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| • |
Grover S, Apushkin MA, Fishman GA: Topical dorzolamide for the treatment of cystoid macular edema in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 May;141(5):850-8. Epub 2006 Mar 20.
[Pubmed]
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| • |
Almeida GC Jr, Faria e Souza SJ: Effect of topical dorzolamide on rabbit central corneal thickness. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2006 Feb;39(2):277-81. Epub 2006 Feb 2.
[Pubmed]
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| • |
Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Banditt P: Clinical pharmacokinetics of dorzolamide. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2002;41(3):197-205.
[Pubmed]
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| • |
Balfour JA, Wilde MI: Dorzolamide. A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic potential in the management of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Drugs Aging. 1997 May;10(5):384-403.
[Pubmed]
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| • |
Ponticello GS, Sugrue MF, Plazonnet B, Durand-Cavagna G: Dorzolamide, a 40-year wait. From an oral to a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for the treatment of glaucoma. Pharm Biotechnol. 1998;11:555-74.
[Pubmed]
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| External Links |
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