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Valaciclovir

产品号 DB00577 公司名称 DrugBank
CAS号 124832-27-5 公司网站 http://www.ualberta.ca/
分子式 C13H20N6O4 电 话 (780) 492-3111
分子量 324.3357 传 真
纯 度 电子邮件 david.wishart@ualberta.ca
保 存 Chembase数据库ID: 459

产品价格信息

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产品别名

标题
Valaciclovir
IUPAC标准名
2-[(2-amino-6-oxo-6,9-dihydro-3H-purin-9-yl)methoxy]ethyl (2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoate
IUPAC传统名
valaciclovir
商标名
Valtrex
Zelitrex
别名
valaciclovir
Valacyclovir Hydrochloride
Valaciclovir Hydrochloride
Valacyclover Hydrochloride
Valaciclovir Hcl
Valacyclover Hydrochloric
Valacyclovir

产品登记号

PubChem SID 46508197
PubChem CID 60773
CAS号 124832-27-5

产品性质

疏水性(logP) -0.3

产品详细信息

详细说明 (English)
Item Information
Drug Groups approved; investigational
Description Valaciclovir (INN) or valacyclovir (USAN) is an antiviral drug used in the management of herpes simplex and herpes zoster (shingles). It is a prodrug, being converted in vivo to aciclovir. It is marketed by GlaxoSmithKline under the trade name Valtrex or Zelitrex. [Wikipedia]
Indication For the treatment or suppression of cold sores (herpes labialis), herpes zoster (shingles), genital herpes in immunocompetent individuals, and recurrent genital herpes in HIV-infected individuals.
Pharmacology Valaciclovir (INN) or Valacyclovir (USAN) is a prodrug and synthetic purine nucleoside analogue with inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1), 2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Valaciclovir is almost completely converted to acyclovir and L-valine. The inhibitory activity of valaciclovir is highly selective due to its affinity for the enzyme thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by HSV and VZV. This viral enzyme converts acyclovir into acyclovir monophosphate, which is then converted into acyclovir diphosphate and triphosphate by cellular enzymes. Acyclovir is selectively converted to the active triphosphate form by cells infected with herpes viruses.
Toxicity Adverse effects of overexposure might include headache and nausea.
Affected Organisms
Human Herpes Virus
Biotransformation Valaciclovir is rapidly and almost entirely (~99%) converted to the active compound, acyclovir, and L-valine by first-pass intestinal and hepatic metabolism by enzymatic hydrolysis. Neither valaciclovir nor acyclovir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Absorption After oral administration, valaciclovir hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The absolute bioavailability of acyclovir after administration of valaciclovir is 54.5% ± 9.1%.
Half Life 2.5-3.3 hours
Protein Binding 13-18%
Elimination Acyclovir accounted for 89% of the radioactivity excreted in the urine.
Clearance * Renal cl=255 +/- ?86 mL/min [healthy]
* apparent cl=86.3 +/- 21.3 mL/min/1.73?m2 [dialysis patients]
* apparent cl=679.16 +/- 162.76 mL/min/1.73?m2 [healthy]
References
O'Brien JJ, Campoli-Richards DM: Acyclovir. An updated review of its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs. 1989 Mar;37(3):233-309. [Pubmed]
External Links
Wikipedia
RxList
PDRhealth
Drugs.com

参考文献

  • O'Brien JJ, Campoli-Richards DM: Acyclovir. An updated review of its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs. 1989 Mar;37(3):233-309. Pubmed