Biochem/physiol Actions Prenylated flavonoids such as xanthohumol have antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in human cancer cell lines1. Xanthohumol protected HepG2 cells against benzo[a]pyrene and related carcinogens. It also protected against reactive oxygen species (ROS), not by a direct anti-oxidant effect, but instead mediated by induction of cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress.2Xanthohumol inhibits diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (DGAT)3 and human P450 enzymes4. It also inhibits the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF under hypoxic conditions5. Protocols & Applications Hops (Humulus lupulus) Plant Profile: bioactives, mechanism of action, references |