| Item |
Information |
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Drug Groups
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approved |
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Description
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Iodixanol is a nonionic hydrophilic compound commonly used as a contrast agent during coronary angiography, particularly in individuals with renal dysfunction, as it is believed to be less toxic to the kidneys than most other intravascular contrast agents. |
| Indication |
Iodixanol is a contrast agent during coronary angiography. |
| Pharmacology |
Iodixanol is a contrast agent commonly used during coronary angiography, particularly in individuals with renal dysfunction, as it is believed to be less toxic to the kidneys than most other intravascular contrast agents. It is an iso-osmolar contrast agent, with an osmolality of 290 mOsm/kg H20, the same as blood. |
| Toxicity |
Non-ionic radiocontrast agents like iodixanol are cytotoxic to renal cells. The toxic effects include apoptosis, cellular energy failure, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and disturbance of tubular cell polarity, and are thought to be linked to oxidative stress. |
| Affected Organisms |
| • |
Humans and other mammals |
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| Biotransformation |
Excreted unchanged |
| Half Life |
2.1 hours. In patients with significantly impaired renal function (mean creatinine clearance rate, 9.91 [± 3.58] mL per minute), the plasma half-life is increased to 23 hours. |
| Protein Binding |
Negligible |
| Elimination |
In adults, approximately 97% of the injected dose of iodixanol is excreted unchanged in urine within 24 hours, with less than 2% excreted in feces within five days post-injection. |
| Distribution |
* 0.26 L/kg |
| References |
| • |
Spencer CM, Goa KL: Iodixanol. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and diagnostic use as an x-ray contrast medium. Drugs. 1996 Dec;52(6):899-927.
[Pubmed]
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| • |
McCullough PA: Renal safety of iodixanol. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2006 Sep;4(5):655-61.
[Pubmed]
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| External Links |
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